Evaluating Built Environment Factors as Determinants of Public Transport Mode Share in Uyo Urban Area, Nigeria

Abstract. This study investigates the key factors influencing public transport mode shares in Uyo Urban area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, with a focus on understanding the role of the built environment factors on public transport mode shares. The study employed a mixed-method approach, utilizing a structured survey for data collection, capturing key variables such as population density, transit supply, road network density, and commuter preferences. Data were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Multiple Linear Regression, and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) to explore spatial and non-spatial relationships between the identified factors and public transport usage. The PCA revealed three key components influencing public transport mode share: accessibility and infrastructure quality (39.36%), environmental constraints (15.15%), and mobility and Travel behaviour (13.15%). Regression analysis indicated that environmental constraints were the most significant predictor, followed by mobility and travel behaviour and accessibility and infrastructure quality. The GWR analysis highlighted spatial heterogeneity, showing that the impact of these factors varied across different neighbourhoods within Uyo urban. The findings suggest that improving infrastructure, addressing environmental constraints, and aligning public transport systems with commuter behaviours are crucial for increasing public transport usage. Policy recommendations include enhancing transit supply, improving road connectivity, mitigating environmental challenges, and tailoring services to commuter needs. The study underscores the importance of a multi-faceted approach to public transport planning that considers both infrastructure and socio-environmental factors to improve public transport adoption and sustainability in Uyo Urban and similar urban contexts.