<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">AGILE-GISS</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>AGILE: GIScience Series</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">AGILE-GISS</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">AGILE GIScience Ser.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2700-8150</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/agile-giss-7-49-2026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>A High-Performance Game Engine-GIS-CFD System for Interactive Urban Wind Decision Support</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zhou</surname>
<given-names>Xuanchen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Rafiee</surname>
<given-names>Azarakhsh</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>van Oosterom</surname>
<given-names>Peter</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Architectural Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>10</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<elocation-id>49</elocation-id>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Xuanchen Zhou et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/7/49/2026/agile-giss-7-49-2026.html">This article is available from https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/7/49/2026/agile-giss-7-49-2026.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/7/49/2026/agile-giss-7-49-2026.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/7/49/2026/agile-giss-7-49-2026.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Wind simulation plays a critical role in urban design and planning. Most existing workflows rely on professional and general-purpose computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. Although powerful and versatile, such tools are not designed specifically for the urban planning process, where interactivity and real-time feedback are highly emphasized. To address this gap, we propose a responsive and specialized decision support system tailored for urban wind simulation. The system enhances the decision-making process by offering an efficient workflow that seamlessly connects data preparation, simulation, and visualization steps. Its core contribution lies in the tight integration of a high-performance CFD model, a game engine, and multi-source geographical information system (GIS) data within a unified environment. The system is built in the Unity game engine to ensure efficiency, user interactivity, scene modifiability and intuitive visualization. The spatial extent and scalability of the system is expanded by incorporating data from multiple GIS sources to represent real-world urban contexts. The wind simulation is accelerated using Unity compute shaders to achieve fast, fully parallelized computation while maintaining physical fidelity. The system also includes NetCDF-based file export and a web viewer. In our testing platform, the system achieves 8.15&amp;times; acceleration compared to OpenFOAM. The simulation output is also validated through a case study. By combining these elements, we construct a Game Engine- GIS-CFD triplet that serves as a robust decision support system. Its efficiency and usability make it well suited for wind-related urban planning.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="8"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>