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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">AGILE-GISS</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>AGILE: GIScience Series</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">AGILE-GISS</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">AGILE GIScience Ser.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2700-8150</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/agile-giss-7-47-2026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Ontology-based Textual Location Description Framework for Multidimensional Features</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Yan</surname>
<given-names>Ting-Long</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kuo</surname>
<given-names>Chiao-Ling</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Geography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>10</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<elocation-id>47</elocation-id>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Ting-Long Yan</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/7/47/2026/agile-giss-7-47-2026.html">This article is available from https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/7/47/2026/agile-giss-7-47-2026.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/7/47/2026/agile-giss-7-47-2026.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/7/47/2026/agile-giss-7-47-2026.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Textual location descriptions provide meaningful representations of spatial positions and are widely used to convey the locations of people and objects. Contemporary approaches for generating location descriptions focus mainly on point-based queries, such as reverse geocoding and human-based generators. In this study, an ontology-based textual location description framework that smoothly integrates spatial data, spatial cognition, and locational semantics is proposed. The aim is to generate automated natural-language location descriptions for multidimensional feature queries. Transportation scenarios are used as experimental cases. This method outperforms human-written and generative artificial intelligent (AI) descriptions by more than 30%. The proposed framework provides a new path for location description, supporting diverse spatial queries and contextual and spatial-cognitive applications.</p>
</abstract>
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</front>
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