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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">AGILE-GISS</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>AGILE: GIScience Series</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">AGILE-GISS</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">AGILE GIScience Ser.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2700-8150</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/agile-giss-3-2-2022</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Understanding the Imperfection of 3D point Cloud and Semantic Segmentation algorithms for 3D Models of Indoor Environment</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Cai</surname>
<given-names>Guoray</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Pan</surname>
<given-names>Yimu</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>10</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>3</volume>
<elocation-id>2</elocation-id>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2022 Guoray Cai</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
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<self-uri xlink:href="https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/3/2/2022/agile-giss-3-2-2022.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://agile-giss.copernicus.org/articles/3/2/2022/agile-giss-3-2-2022.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>&lt;p&gt;Point clouds data provides new potentials for automated construction of more geometrically accurate and semantically rich 3D models for indoor environments. Recent advances in deep learning methods on point cloud semantic segmentation demonstrated impressive accuracy in labeling points of 3D surfaces with object classes. However, it remains challenging to reconstruct the shape of semantic objects from semantically-labeled 3D points, due to imperfection of such data and the under-determination of object construction algorithms. We have little empirical knowledge about how data imperfections affect the reconstruction of 3D indoor room objects. This paper contributes to understanding the nature of such imperfection of 3D point cloud data and semantic segmentation algorithms by analyzing the reconstructability of indoor room objects from semantically-labeled point cloud. 181 rooms from Stanford Large-Scale 3D Indoor Spaces Dataset (S3DIS) were used in our experiment. After generating semantic labels on point-clouds using PointNet++ segmentic segmentation algorithm, we use human coders to judge the reconstructability of indoor objects, following a qualitative coding scheme. Human exploration of object shape imperfection was assisted by a visual analytic tool in making their judgement. We found that high point-level accuracy achieved through semantic segmentation of point cloud data does not guarantee high object-level accuracy. The extent of this problem varies widely among different spatial settings and configurations. We discuss the significance of these findings on the choice of 3D reconstruction methods.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a target=&quot;_blank&quot; href=&quot;https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Z7P8K&quot;&gt;&lt;img cofileid=&quot;779365&quot; src=&quot;https://contentmanager.copernicus.org/779365/10/locale/ssl&quot; width=&quot;150px&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="10"/></counts>
</article-meta>
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